Over the last year and a half, the Stanford History Education Group has prototyped, field
tested, and validated a bank of assessments that tap civic online reasoning—the ability to judge the credibility of information that floods young people’s smartphones, tablets, and computers.

Between January 2015 and June 2016, we administered 56 tasks to students across 12
states. In total, we collected and analyzed 7,804 student responses. Our sites for field testing included under-resourced, inner-city schools in Los Angeles and well-resourced
schools in suburbs outside of Minneapolis. Our college assessments, which focused on
open web searches, were administered online at six different universities that ranged from Stanford, an institution that rejects 94% of its applicants, to large state universities that admit the majority of students who apply.

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